Issue Listing

Code Generator is window based tool for generating code for the .NET application following MVC kind of architecture i.e. application having Presentation layer, Business layer, Data layer where data layer is calling the stored procedure in the SQL Server.

The application of Expert Systems in commerce/business domain is relatively new research area. The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has lead to the development and implementation of expert systems for the purpose of commerce/business problem solving. This generated a need for analysis and review of Expert Systems in commerce/business domain. Here a few expert systems already implemented in the area of resource allocation/ space utilization are reviewed.

Keywords:Expert systems, Explanation facility, Inference engine, Knowledge update facility, Resources allocation.

There are two approaches to address the solution, Hardware approach and software approach. The hardware approach toward multicore processors is influenced largely by technology limitations of wire delays, power efficiency and difficulty in getting Instruction Level parallelism. The evolution in software approach has lead us toward cloud computing. Today is the time where we have to think of multicore processors in emerging evolutionary concept of cloud. In this paper the misconceptions associated with the issue that the software is driven by hardware, Multicore processor everywhere means performance and multicore means the parallelism and hence the optimum speed, are raised. The Trends which are the driving force toward these misconceptions are addressed and a justifiable view of future system is presented.

Keywords:Instruction Level parallelism, Cloud computing, Hardware and Software trends.

Searches of the entire World Wide Web using search engines such as Google, Yahoo!, Bing, and Ask have become an extremely common way of locating information. Search engines are providing great facilities to the Internet users to search intended information from hundreds of millions of Web pages within a part of second. Today search engines are become more powerful and efficient by using various algorithms and technologies to provide a best result which demanded by user. Search engines now provide various added services too. One more area where search engine can also improve by keeping the track of user activity and history of visited sites which help user to carry their previous visited sites among different Web browsers, now a day it is done by Web browser only. This paper presents critical comparison of various popular search engines based on added features. A detailed analysis is presented and results are provided.

Keywords:Search Engine Evaluation, Search Engine Statistics, Feature Comparison, Search Engine Evaluation, World Wide Web.

In today's fast-paced business environment, with floods of data available, decisionmaking has become a complex task. These data contains nuggets of valuable information in hidden form, which are often not effectively utilized due to lack of suitable analytic tools and techniques. Data Mining is a buzzword for the present era. Data Mining is the non-trivial process of identifying the valid, novel, potentially useful and ultimately understandable patterns in data. However, with the advent of some technology like Data Mining, the data can now be suitably analyzed and mined to yield valuable outcomes. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is an extensive customer oriented product development process that strives for improving quality and gaining higher customer satisfaction.

Keywords:QFD, Data Mining, Data, Product Quality, Voice of customer

Wireless ad hoc sensor network becomes popular in civil and military jobs. But security is one of the significant challenges for sensor network because of their deployment in open and unprotected environment. As cryptographic mechanism is not enough to protect sensor network from external attacks, intrusion detection system needs to be introduced. Though intrusion prevention mechanism is one of the major and efficient methods against attacks, but there might be some attacks for which prevention method is not known. Besides preventing the system from some known attacks, intrusion detection system gather necessary information related to attack technique and help in the development of intrusion prevention system.

Keywords:WSN, IDS, Hierarchical Design, Security, Sensor Node, Cluster Node, Regional Node, Base Station

Securing Mobile ad hoc net work is a challenging task due to the lack of trust among nodes. In this paper we analysis various trust models for Mobile ad hoc network and then propose a trust evaluation model for mobile ad hoc network which estimating trust level of supplicant nodes by Evaluating and analysis node behavior. This model also designed to detect compromised nodes inside the environment and to isolating the compromised and misbehavior nodes from the network. This model also tested through introducing misbehavior nodes and compromised nodes into the environment and the result shows that the model is highly effective in detecting misbehavior node and compromised nodes over various other security models for Mobile ad hoc network.

Keywords:MANET, Trust, Node Misbehavior, Compromised Node.

Mobile phones have made a bigger difference to the lives of people, more quickly, than any previous communications technology. They have spread the fastest and proved the easiest and cheapest to adopt. It is estimated that more than 5 billion people currently have mobile phones and more than 6 billion will have them in 2013. Mobile phones have already started functioning as more than just communications devices. Mobiles serve various functionalities like watch, alarm, calculator, calendar, reminder, games etc. Smartphones are fastest and becoming a feasible alternative to PDAs and laptops, offering phone features such as voice and SMS coupled with mobile internet applications, multimedia functionality, high speed data processing capabilities, and inbuilt GPS capabilities.

Keywords:Mobile Operating System, Android, Windows OS, i-Phone OS, Feature of OS, Security in OS.

This study bridges the gap between the software Industry and Academia through improvisation of some technique into one methodology. The main objective of this article is three-fold: 1) to focus upon development practices used by small software firm. 2) to study the documentation practices in small software firm and suggest one type of documentation practice which will be beneficial for the current practice 3) to find the solution of problem faced by the small firm while materializing the requirement story board drawn by the client into cost estimation. Together with these a simple and easy to use empirical formula for the evaluation of the cost for the Agile development of a medium-size software has been proposed from the past resultant data of development.

Keywords:Agile, SDLC, Software Development, Extreme Programming, SCRUM

Sequential probability ratio test is developed for testing the hypothesis regarding the parameter of a Generalized Maxwell distribution. The expressions for the operating characteristics (OC) and average sample number (ASN) functions are derived. For the purpose of plotting the OC and ASN functions different approaches are used.

Keywords:Generalized Maxwell distribution, SPRT, OC and ASN functions, Newton-Raphson method.

The use of state of art wireless sensor networks in various day to day problems require spatio-temporal distribution of sensed data to get the clear vision of the data and its pattern. As large no of sensor nodes are broadcasted in a certain area, locating their position posses a challenge to us. This paper discusses various ways to find the internode distances by measuring communicational parameters like RSS, AoA, ToA etc. These parametric measurements finally lead to the plotting of network. While dealing with the topological challenges the limitations of all the deterministic and probabilistic methods are discussed here. Finally the suitability of various techniques in different WSN applications is presented.

Keywords:wireless sensor networks, localization, spatio temporal distribution.

Conflict Resolution (an intervention aimed at alleviating or eliminating electronic discord through conciliation) as a business theme is more important than ever in today's fast paced world of e-business and globalization. The significance of an efficient financial reporting and the Internet in human lives cannot be understated. Investors and users of the Internet need accurate and reliable financial information that can be delivered promptly to help them make informed financial decisions. The Internet embodies the importance of technology, its role in resolving disputes, and its impact on the increasing globalization of business, information, and culture. XBRL means Extensible Business Reporting Language. It is an open specification which uses Extensible Markup Language (XML) based data tags to describe financial statements for both public and private companies. It uses accepted financial reporting standards and practices to exchange financial statements across all software and technologies, including the Internet. It is a twenty-first century digital business reporting language which allows software vendors, programmers, intermediaries in the information preparation and distribution process and end users who adopt it as a specification to enhance the creation, exchange, and comparison of business reporting information. This paper, using the secondary data methodology approach suitable for large expository research, presents the advent of the XBRL technology and framework, its history and why it is essential. It reveals the relationship between XBRL and emerging e-standards, highlights the XBRL as a vital support for e-business, and showcases the largest XBRL e-government project in the world. This research finds that XBRL streamlines the financial information supply chain that includes public and private companies, the accounting profession, data aggregators, the investment community and all other users of financial statements. Findings also show that XBRL offers several key benefits like technology independence, full interoperability, efficient preparation of financial statements and reliable extraction of financial information. This work recommends that organizations/investors in every industry, regulatory bodies, professional associations, government, and educational institutions must embrace the XBRL in order not to suffer obsolescence and uncompetitiveness.

Keywords:Conflict Resolution, XBRL, data aggregators, secondary data methodology, XML, distribution process.

Analysis is a process of understanding data more precisely. The process of analysis differs according to the data we are trying to analyze. Typical steel product manufacturing involves many processes running 24*7 in sequence comprising of different process units. These process units have sensors generating useful data for process control. These parameters have to be analyzed and monitored in real time to get a good quality product.

The conventional methods to analyze these data are inefficient. Hence, in this paper we present an approach for analysis that combines various process control and quality control parameters, uses online analytical processing (OLAP) system and provides flexibility to the user for necessary analysis.

Keywords:Data Warehouse, Online Analytical Processing, Statistical Process Control, Statistical Quality Control, Cube.

India is rated second largest country in the world for its population. India still is a developing country and is progressing towards financial stability. Various different banks exists abide by the rule of Reserve Bank of India. To make India strengthen economically banks are issuing loans to people, institutes, industries and countries. Hence there is a need of an effective guiding system for banks that advice bank authorities how to give loans, what are different plans for loans are possible, what is the maximum revenue that can be earned from a business loan. The paper presents an effective advisory system for banks to take such crucial decision. The proposed system is developed with artificial neural networks and type 2 fuzzy logic. The structure of artificial neural network, training data, fuzzy membership functions used and implementation details are also discussed in this paper.

Keywords:Artificial Neural Networks, Type 2 Fuzzy Logic, Neuro-Fuzzy Systems, Bank Loan.

Data retrieval is mainly concerned with exact field value matching. But the relevant value may be little bit different than the exact value. In this case, we may lose important data to process. The effectiveness of a retrieval system strongly depends on the result it retrieves. In such cases, users who have knowledge of regular expression can pose query in that way. But generally users who operate applications are not aware of such tricks. e.g. In Student management system, operator is usually of clerical level. In such situations data retrieval may fail even if data exist in system. In this paper, this point is taken into consideration and an algorithm is developed to process and search structured data in order to get all the relevant information. We deal with real world entity names like Employees, Students, Products, etc., rather than considering its meanings and synonyms.

Keywords:Misspelled Queries, Information retrieval, Matching Similar Data, Similarity Algorithms.

Telecommunication companies generate a tremendous amount of data. These data include call detail data, which describes the calls that traverse the telecommunication networks, network data, which describes the state of the hardware and software components in the network, and customer data, which describes the telecommunication customers. There are several applications where telecommunication data mining can be used to uncover useful information buried within these data sets. The primary applications are, to identify telecommunication fraud, to improve marketing effectiveness, and to identify network faults. The new emerging telecom data mining applications are industry specific like bank marketing system, city planning system, census data management system, etc. In this paper we have presented a Telecommunication Data warehouse Model to discover knowledge regarding mobility patterns and traffic density in the cellular network for the prediction of road demand that can be helpful to the city planners to make effective decisions using cellular network usage data.

Keywords:Data Warehouse, Road Traffic Management, Telecommunications.

Databases are they key component in any product or Enterprise system. As multiple versions of these products and systems have been rolled out over the years, a need has been felt to define a database upgrade methodology to overcome the multiple issues that ISVs (Independent Software Vendors) face with ad-hoc upgrade strategies. This paper attempts to summarize the drawbacks of the conventional upgrade approach; recommend the key components of a database upgrade and define their boundaries, roles and responsibilities. Finally, the paper also presents recommendations for changes to the conventional SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle).

Keywords:databases, upgrade, methodology, transformation, product, software development, SDLC, ISV

Intrusion detection is the technique of detecting malicious traffic on a network or a device. It is one of the critical network security components against emerging intrusions techniques and attacks. In this paper we present a survey of different intrusion detection approaches. Intrusion Detection Systems based on Genetic Algorithm are currently attracting researchers due to its inherent potential. Intrusion detection faces various challenges like reliably detect malicious activity and perform efficiently to cope with the large amount of network traffic. Here we have analyzed the present research challenges and issues in Genetic Algorithm based intrusion detection. Finally we carry out our experiments based on our sample Genetic Algorithm using KDD Cup 99 data set. The main contribution of the implementation is the understanding of challenges in Genetic Algorithm based intrusion detection.

Keywords:Security, Challenges, Genetic Algorithm, Intrusion Detection.

In this paper Author has described different issues of handwritten date segmentation task briefly along with its techniques. The paper describes a system develop to segments handwritten date information specifically written on bank checks. A system uses a newly adopted segmentation-based strategy. In order to achieve high performance in terms of efficiency and reliability, a knowledge-based module is proposed in order to segments the date. The interaction between the segmentation and recognition stages is properly established by using Segmented-Date generation and evaluation modules. The paper concludes with the current status of the effort made in segmentation of handwritten dates and future enhancement in the same direction.

Keywords:OCR, Segmentation, Pattern-based grammar.

Data mining has been used in this e-commerce for some time already. It has many applications in this field such as: searching for patterns in transactional data, preparation of personalization application, etc. With the proliferation of the electronic commerce e-purchasing has become a daily practice for many purchasing organizations. To embrace e-purchasing successfully, these organization should identify determinants that are crucial for its successful adoption. In an effort to identify such determinants, including organizational readiness, information technology infrastructure, and user characteristics, we propose a novel generic algorithm-based data mining technique. The application of the proposed data mining technique to empirical data that were collected through a mail survey proves to be useful for extracting hidden, but valuable insights into the successful implementation of e-purchasing.

Keywords: DM , E-Purchasing , E-Commerce , GA

With the advent of Internetworking and evolvement of web technologies, business needs, especially isolated service requests/components, put a new demand on new software architecture. Service-oriented Architecture (SOA), as the next generation software architecture, and through the utilization of the web service, XML and other related techno logies provides viable working solution to implement dynamic e-business.

Keywords: SOA, grid, service, loose coupling, web services, hot spot leveling,

This paper describes a simulation model to predict the progression of diabetics using non-pathogenic data. Simulation modeling is part of bioinformatics as bioinformatics is a management information system for molecular biology, computational biology, population modeling, numerical simulations and has many practical applications. Here we have used simulation model to diagnose disease and disease risk from the symptoms of an organism and some factors.

Keywords: Simulation and modeling, diabetes, non-pathological data.

In this study an attempt has been made to determine the factors which Maybelline customers keep in mind when they buy their products. We randomly selected 30 respondents from various parts of Surat city and they were asked to rank ten statements regarding Maybelline products on a 7-point scale. On the basis of data thus collected and applying Factor Analysis we arrived at the following conclusions:

It is found that three factors have been extracted from ten variables using Factor Analysis (data reduction technique) using SPSS 11. All these three factors viz. Eye Catching Effect', 'Effective Fragrance', 'Campaigning with Care by Maybelline' or 'Maybelline's Publicity Policy' contributed about 73 percent variation in Consumers' perception about Maybelline's product in Surat city.

Keywords: Factor Analysis, KMO and Bartlett's Test, Scree plot, Principle Components

Genetic Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks are soft computing methods inspired and motivated by the biological computational process. Neural Networks are highly simplified models of human nervous system which shows ability to adapt circumstances and learn from past experience at same time. Genetic algorithms are adaptive search and optimization algorithms, inspired by process of biological evolution. As prediction of stock market is important issue in finance, Artific ial Neural Networks have been used in stock market prediction since last decade. The Hybridization of Neural Network with Genetic Algorithm is performed for the purpose of investigating better methods of problem solving. Genetic Algorithm is doing optimization of Neural Network. Here the prediction of stock behavior is done using this Hybrid Approach.

Keywords: GA-Genetic Algorithm; NN-Neural Network; BP-Back Propagation; ANN-Artificial Neural Network; EMHEfficient Market Hypothesis; BPN-Back Propagation Network.

The Indian Market is flooded with the Information Technology Jargons. E-Business is the Buzzword, which every marketer and aware customer is chanting. However, if we dig into reality a little further, this proliferation of information technology seems to be restricted to few privileged parts of the country and still fewer sections of the public/private sectors of India n market. The real challenge of using Information Technology for our benefit lies in the fact that ordinary players in the market is yet to be educated on the functionalities of technology and the hurdles lying in the path of making technology work for them.

This paper will describe the challenges of e-Business in context to India. The country which is more than one billion of population, e-Business is still have lot of scope to grow. This paper examines why India is lagging behind in e-Business when India is having information technology resources, vast number of well-established business organizations and a foundation for all sorts of Business-opportunities.

Keywords: e-Business, challenges, benefits, and information superhighway

Game-playing systems have search engines at the core of the application. Although single processor machines are becoming faster every year, researchers are always looking for increased speed, since that will improve the quality of their gameplaying systems. Faster machines provides deeper searches and a better quality of play-which can be taken one step further by using a large number of machines in parallel. Parallel game-playing systems use multiple processors to cooperate in computing the game-tree. Games like chess, checkers, go needs exponential computations. To get better results in selecting the steps in these games deeper depths are to be considered. As the depth of game tree increases the number of computation increases. Single processor system is not feasible to get the better results. In such cases we need multiple processors for evaluating the game tree. The whole game tree is distributed on multiple processors for getting better esults. Parallel MINMAX is a game tree search algorithm distributed on multiple processors.

Keywords: Game playing, Parallel MIN-MAX, game tree search algorithm

This paper examines the issue of quality of education in India. The paper recognizes quality of education as one of the most widely used and spoken of concept in India, although, very little or no unanimity with regard to its meaning has been reached. This is essentially true in higher education as compared to industry where clearly definable products with quantifiable qualities exist. The 'product of higher education is intangible and the customer very difficult to identify. However, in India today, there is mounting concern about the state of education at all levels. This is rooted in the realization that literacy levels and academic achievement will determine individual's job attainment and earning as well as the general economic well being of the society. Moreover, the quality of life in the society will be affected by the level and quality of social skills acquired in educational institutes. It is in line with this that the paper looks at the various issues bordering on quality of higher education in India and suggests different options and strategies which can be used to improve the quality of education, especially, at the university level. Thus, the following questions will be answered in the paper: How is quality perceived? Can it be measured? What is the interrelationship between internal and external assessment procedures? How can educational institutes deal with quality improvement and development within the context of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

The quality has become integral feature of the education all over the world. We are continually faced with quality initiatives and controls, not only from central governments but also from awarding bodies. Often, these quality initiatives are also incorporated into appraisal schemes and in Total Quality Management (TQM). This study examines literature relating to TQM, quality assurance, and quality enhancement and also considers the impact an interpretive approach to quality would have on the pedagogic practice of tertiary institutions. The role of university management is to provide the vision and the making of that vision a reality through encouragement and active participation in quality oriented exercise. This paper will provide a framework toward achieving this.

Keywords: Total Quality Management, Academia, PDCA Approach

Agile methodologies are emerging and gaining popularity in industry. To help our students grow into efficient software developers, in addition to good analysts and managers, we must instill into them the best methodologies for software development. Pair programming is a methodology in which two people work together and periodically switch between the roles of driver and navigator. Instead of partitioning a task into a number of activities, where each member performs a different activity alone, in pair work both partners perform each activity together. This paper presents the results of a study to assess the pattern (which we claim is similar to agile type methodologies) in software development procedures of student groups in a university setting. It is seen that vision and talent incorporated with structure and tools can serve as a good process model. This is to say that, a balance of agile and process driven approach is reportedly achieving the best performance.

Keywords: Agile method, Empirical approach, Process models, Software development.

The introduction of Linux operating system into the embedded sector has been one of the most exciting changes in the last few years. Based on the open-source model, it offers new possibilities to embedded engineers traditionally used to commercial operating systems. Qt for Embedded Linux (formerly known as Qtopia Core) is the leading application framework for the developing a (For Region Language - Gujarati) mobile-application and mobile based kernel system as well as single-purpose devices powered by embedded Linux. It provides a robust and proven development environment inherited from the Qt cross-platform application framework and key components developed specifically for embedded Linux. Qt for Embedded Linux enables manufacturers to efficiently create devices with applications that are tailored to market needs specifically Gujarati Language.

Keywords: Qt, Linux, Qtopia, Cross-platform, Gujarati Language, mobile application, mobile based kernel.

Data hiding is, mainly related to the possibility of perceiving the presence of an object by means of human sight. There are many ways, by which perceptual model can be incorporated into data hiding system to control perceptibility of data. In this work author implements, model for simple adjustment of a global embedding strength, based on cover image. Whitening filter is used at decoder which helps to de-correlate samples of received image, and improve performance of system. Work encompasses Watson perceptual model.

Keywords: Data Mining, Spatial Data, Data Hiding Technique.

There is a general opinion that providing internet access to colleges will result in the delivery of better quality education to greater numbers of students. But this expectation is not realized in practice. In academic institutions more number of students are wasting time on accessing email and browsing irrelevant sites. It reduces the quality of education because most of them are confused by using the pool of unstructured information on the web. In this context, Knowledge Grid is a well structured framework that takes inputs from number of domain experts. The said prototype model in this paper attempts to take up the challenges of appropriate use of IT infrastructure in the field of education using a knowledge enabling approach.

Keyword: OLE, AGS, Transnet

Depending upon the extraordinary power of Quantum Computing Algorithms various branches like Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Information Technology, Quantum Teleportation have emerged [1-4]. It is thought that this power of Quantum Computing Algorithms can also be successfully applied to many combinatorial optimization problems.

In this article, a class of combinatorial optimization problem is chosen as case study under Quantum Computing. These problems are widely believed to be unsolvable in polynomial time. Mostly it provides suboptimal solutions in finite time using best known classical algorithms. Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one such problem to be studied here. A great deal of effort has already been devoted towards devising efficient algorithms that can solve the problem [5-18]. Moreover, the methods of finding solutions for the TSP with Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithms [5-8] do not provide the exact solution to the problems for all the cases, excepting a few. A successful attempt has been made to have a deterministic solution for TSP by applying the power of Quantum Computing Algorithm.

Keywords: Quantum Computing, Travelling Salesman Problem, Quantum algorithms.

Character recognition is major concern since its inspiration. So, far very limited progress has been made in it, specifically for Indian languages. In this paper authors have presented recognition of offline computer generated and printed Gujarati characters. To identify characters authors used modify version of Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based algorithm. The system is trained and tested for different font size of Gujarati characters. Keywords: Offline Typed Characters, Character Recognition, Optical Character Recognition (OCR), HMM

In this era of Knowledge, organizations can gain competitive advantage only by proficient data analysis. This paper emphasizes on application of clustering in context free data cleaning by correcting values of attributes, using various sequence similarity metrics, where reference data set is not available, to improve the quality of data which in turn lead to eminent data analysis. Authors propose an algorithm to examine suitability of value to correct other values of attributes. Various sequence similarity metrics were used, to find distance of two values of attributes, to test the data and generate results. Experimental results show how the approach can effectively clean the data without reference data.

Keywords: Clustering, Context free data cleaning, Sequence similarity metrics.

Testing is an equally important and critical phase as analysis and design for successful deployment of any software. Traditional testing and integration have been manual and time consuming. Concept of automation of testing process has been around for a while and has been deployed and successfully used. But as complexity of software systems began to increase and as organizations preferred to impose more processing on software, the traditional automation was no longer sufficient. Automation Framework concept was introduced for the integration and testing of these systems and many off-the-shelf frameworks were introduced. These frameworks, however, have not been able to provide the automation solutions as they promise. More often than not, most organizations have to use these frameworks as just another tool in the plethora of tools they have purchased and also rely on internal resources to achieve the desired results. Additionally, most organizations have proprietary protocol implementations as well as in-house tools that are widely used by developers and system testers to validate the software.

What we are discussing in this paper is how organizations can efficiently create an Automation Test Framework (ATF) using the combination of off-the-shelf tools, in-house tools, General Purpose License (GPL) tools and various high level scripting languages. The proposed ATF consists of a User Interface, Driver Application, Execution Engine, Unit Under Test (UUT), Verification Engine and a Reporting Engine. The case study describes the implementation of such an Automation Framework for a multi-layered multimedia delivery software system.

Keywords: ATF, Automation, Frameworks, Integration, Testing

This paper is an attempt to find the various factors which affects customer buying behavior in apparel category market in India esp. Delhi/NCR. The impact of various buying factors like sales and promotions, placement of products, window merchandising, effective price strategy etc on customer buying behavior have been analyzed. Kotler's black box model has been used as the basis of the current study to understand the consumer buying behavior in Apparel Industry. The study is based on the primary data collected from Koutons and Cotton County retail stores from the area of Delhi and NCR regions with the help of structured questionnaire.

Keywords: consumer buying behaviour, apparel retail, visual merchandising

The paper illustrates the concept of liquidity management with reference to The Surat Textile's Traders Co-Operative Bank Ltd., Surat, using seven parameters viz: current ratio, liquidity ratio, cash position ratio, short-term investment to current assets ratio, shortterm advances to current assets ratio and short-term investment & short-term advances to short-term deposits ratio.

Keywords: Data Mining, Spatial Data, Data Hiding Technique.

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a product development process that encompasses a sheer amount of data gathered from customers through several market research techniques like personal interview, focus groups, surveys, video conferencing etc. This massive, unsorted and unstructured data is required to be transformed into a limited number of structured information to represent the actual 'Customer Needs'. However the process is tedious and time consuming and cannot be dealt with manually. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a futuristic software framework based on an Affinity Process. The paper begins with the topic introduction and outlines the QFD process. The paper then describes the Affinity Process, builds the data structure and then makes an attempt to build the proposed framework using tools Visual Basic (VB) and MSAccess. The proposed framework is developed as a part of QFD software and it is anticipated that when completely developed, it would act as a vital component of QFD software.

Keywords: QFD, Affinity Process, Visual Basic, MS-Access, Software, Customer Needs.

The paper presents the comparative analysis of signature recognition and verification using Neural Networks. Three well-known and widely used Neural Networks viz. Support Vector Machines, Multilayer Perceptron and Radial Basis Function Network have been used. Each network differs from the other in the manner it approaches the signature given for recognition and verification. A signature database is collected using intrapersonal variations for evaluation. For every 6 training examples, 4 are used to test the signatures based on various features like false rejection rate, false acceptance rate, equal error rate, and average error rate. The merits and demerits of all the approaches are evaluated and hence the results of numerical experiments are given and analyzed in the paper. In this paper an off-line Recognition and Verification is done with the objective of performance comparison. The comparison of the three networks is done with respect to the complexity of the structure as well as the accuracy of expected results so that the forgeries can be minimized.

Keywords: Neural Networks, offline Signature Verification, Multilayer Perception, Support Vector Machine, Radial Basis Function Network.

The Web harbors a large number of communities - groups of content-creators sharing a common interest - each of which manifests it self as a set of interlinked Web pages. New groups and commercial Web directories together contain of the order of 20,000 such communities; our particular interest here is on particular topic based communities. There is a type of information called Unexpected Information, which is of great interest. Finding unexpected information is useful in many applications. For example, it is useful for a company to find unexpected information about its competitors, e.g., unexpected services and products that its competitors offer. With this information, the company can learn from its competitors and/or design counter measures to improve its competitiveness. The research tries to form a group of common objective web sites and then derive information by comparing those web sites. The research proposes a methodology through which we can group all those same type of web sites and can find out some unexpected information from it.

Keywords: Web Unite, Web Mining, Information Extraction

Continuously growing needs for Internet applications that transmit massive amount of data has led to the emergence of high speed networks. The primary factor hindering the flow of Traffic is Network Congestion. Data transfer must take place without any congestion. The Internet carries certain critical data and information which need to be delivered to the receiver at all cost. Thus Congestion Detection plays a key role in high speed networks. The Traditional TCP has been used over the years to detect and control Congestion. Various algorithms such as ECN, DECbit, RED Queue Mechanism are adopted by TCP to detect Congestion. In this paper, a rational mechanism utilizing XCP protocol is used. Adopting the techniques of a new congestion detection module with effective feedback mechanism and modified window adjustment is achieved. A Separate Congestion Detection Module is developed to detect and inform immediate Congestion Detection and Control. The feedback parameters are calculated based on arrival rate, service rate, traffic rate and queue size. Resulting in no drastic decrease in window size, better increase in sending rate because of which there is a continuous flow of data without congestion. Therefore as a result of this, there is a maximum increase in throughput, high utilization of the bandwidth and minimum delay. The result of the proposed work is presented as a graph based on throughput, delay and window size. Thus in this paper, XCP protocol is well illustrated and the various parameters for Congestion Detection are thoroughly analyzed and adequately presented.

Keywords: TCP/IP, Congestion Detection, Window Management, Feedback Control, Queue Management, Explicit Control Protocol.

For better living, it is very important to pay attention to various aspects of life like securities, safety and comfort. Our home can be made secure in almost all respect using automatic embedded control system. The system provides security against burglary and various disaster conditions like fire, flood, cyclones, etc... In which control system continuously observes different parameters like temperature, smoke, wind velocity etc... and compares with the standard data fed to the system. If the system detects any abnormal condition then control systems works out the coordinate of the abnormality and alert users as well as pass on the information to the base control system for further action. The system can be constructed using embedded hardware with appropriate firmware program. The RC-5 protocol can be used to establish communication link between measurement/primary control systems to base control system.

Keywords: RC-5 Protocol, Embedded system, Base control system(BCS),Central Control System(CCS) Home security.

Research into design rationale in the past has focused on argumentation-based design deliberations. These approaches cannot be used to support change impact analysis effectively because the dependency between design elements and decisions are not well represented and cannot be quantified. Without such knowledge, designers and architects cannot easily assess how changing requirements and design decisions may affect the system. We apply Bayesian Network Model (BNM), to capture the probabilistic causal relationships between design elements and decisions. We employ three different BNMbased reasoning methods to analyze the trade-off between the conflicting quality attributes. Markov blanket discovery algorithms can be used for quality assessment BNMs. Additionally, work will be done to determine how known optimization methods such as Tabu search may be applied in the context of the proposed framework. Ultimately, the goal is to create a possibility of automatic execution of steps involved in architectural optimization.

Keywords: Bayesian Network Model (BNM), Architectural Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) Software Architectural Analysis Method (SAAM), Software Architecture Assessment using Bayesian Networks (SAABNet), Stake Holders Expects(SHE) , and Markov Blanket (MB).

Many large organizations have multiple data sources, while putting all data together from different sources might amass a huge database for centralized processing. Data mining involves the exploration and analysis of large amounts of data in order to discover meaning patterns. Data mining association rules at different data sources and forwarding the rules to the centralized company headquarter provides a feasible way to deal with multiple data source problems. However, the forwarded rules from different data sources may be too many for the centralized company headquarter to use. Therefore, there is a need to find high frequency rules that have major role in decision making process.

A weighting method is proposed in this paper for identifying valid rules among the large number of forwarded rules from different data sources. Valid rules are the rules which are supported by most of the branches of an organization. Hence this method is applied to rank the rules based on patient perceived service qualities in a hospital. Experimental results show that this proposed weighting model is efficient and effective.

Keywords: Association based data mining , Data reduction, weights, SERVQUAL scale.

Computer programming is important today, simply because technology has taken over the globe for over a decade now. Several new programming languages are coming at a regular interval; usually supporting programming in English language. Very limited worked were available to support programming in regional language. In this paper, authors have presented development of Programming Language (GPL) that support programming in regional language Gujarati.

Keywords: Programming Language, Compiler, Integrated Development Environment, Scanner, Parser, Unicode

This Research article gives brief overview of IT Enabled Services scenario in India. It explains in brief the meaning of IT Enabled Services and also covers various services which have been identified as IT Enabled Services. It also throws some light on opportunities available to the industry. The author has also tried to identify some of the challenges and roadblocks present in the way of growth of IT Enabled Services in India.

Keywords: IT enabled services, brand equity, IT infrastructure

Packing problems are optimization problem encountered in many areas of business and industries and have wide applications. These problems look for good arrangement of multiple items in some larger containing regions with an objective to maximize the utilization of resource materials. 2D packing problem has wide industrial applications starting from small scale industries related to leather, furniture, glass, metal, and wood to large scale industries dealing with textile, garments, paper, shipbuilding, automobiles and VLSI design. It has been observed that using automated nesting solutions based on heuristics prove to be better over conventional methods where very few intuitive arrangements were tried by experienced craftsmen and in that case final layouts were dependent on the dexterity of skilled craftsperson. In this paper authors have summarized the different approaches used to solve 2D packing problem along with their industrial applications. Accordingly, this study is an academic review of the industrial applications of 2D packing problem.

Keywords: Packing problem, Trim Loss problem, Rectangle Packing, Bin Packing, Cutting and Packing.

Enterprise data warehouses are often very large systems and serve many user communities. Data warehouse play a key role in the business intelligence and crucial decision making. In addition to the normal data warehouse functionalities, they require flexible and powerful security features. It is expected that the security capabilities must seamlessly be incorporated in an environment which has stringent performance and scalability requirements.This paper advocates new concept of security design i.e. depicting security mechanisms at conceptual design stage itself using multidimensional modeling. VPD has been selected as the tool to be used in the implementation phase that satisfies the security mechanism depicted at the design stage.

Keywords: Data warehouse security, multidimensional modeling, conceptual design, VPD, dimensional level security, attribute level security, row level security.

The discovery of objects with exceptional behavior is an outstanding challenge from a knowledge discovery standpoint and has received considerable attention in many applications such as network attacks, fraud detection. This paper proposes a simple clustering based algorithm to detect outlying objects. The main problem for network intrusion detection system is the ability to exploit ambiguities in the traffic stream. Network-Based Intrusion Detection monitors network traffic for particular network segment and analyzes the network and application protocol activity to identify suspicious activity. There are several recently developed outlier detection schemes to detect attacks in a network. In this paper, the proposed algorithm is applied to network intrusion detection system to detect ambiguities or violations in the network traffic stream.

Keywords: Outlier Detection, Clustering, Network based Intrusion Detection

One of the biggest problems that most companies have regarding security technology is that they don't develop a strategy for implementation. Many companies seem to have the attitude that implementing a single technology, such as firewalls, will make them secure. In reality, just putting a firewall in place is not enough: That firewall has to be designed and configured properly for it to do its job successfully, and it must be used in concert with other security measures. And all these security measures must be properly integrated with the current network.

Secure communication is no different from information security: You have to pick the right tools, implement them properly, and train users to use them in their daily work.

This paper will look at the kind of assessment involved in developing a secure communications strategy that might include stego and crypto.

Keywords: Steganography, Cryptography, Communication, public key steganography, private key steganography, Steganalysis

One of the biggest problems that most companies have regarding security technology is that they don't develop a strategy for implementation. Many companies seem to have the attitude that implementing a single technology, such as firewalls, will make them secure. In reality, just putting a firewall in place is not enough: That firewall has to be designed and configured properly for it to do its job successfully, and it must be used in concert with other security measures. And all these security measures must be properly integrated with the current network.

Secure communication is no different from information security: You have to pick the right tools, implement them properly, and train users to use them in their daily work.

This paper will look at the kind of assessment involved in developing a secure communications strategy that might include stego and crypto.

Keywords: Steganography, Cryptography, Communication, public key steganography, private key steganography, Steganalysis

The Telnet, rlogin, rcp, rsh commands have a number of security weakness: all communications are in clear text and no machine authentication takes place. These commands are open to eavesdropping and tcp/ip address spoofing. SSH uses public/private key RSA authentication to check the identity of communicating peer machines, encryption of all data exchanged (with strong algorithms such as blowfish, 3DES, IDEA etc.). In this paper we proposed an IDS for encrypted access with SSH2 protocol to network public servers. Our proposed system detects the intrusions based on transferred data size and timing, which are available without decryption. The results reveal that the proposed system work well for different kinds of intrusions. Pre-operations are not needed and privacy is not violated. The detection is based on anomaly detection, which relies on the frequency of similar accesses and the characteristics of usual HTTP accesses.

Keywords: IDS, SSH, SSH2, MD5,MAC

Adaptive Multimedia Content Retrieval and Delivery for small displays is one of the challenges faced by Multimedia Community. Input video is transformed to an output video by utilizing manipulations at multiple levels (signals, structural or semantics) to meet diverse resource constraints and user preferences with optimizing overall utility of the video. The proposed system is developed to display the retrieved video shot, by motion trajectories of individual object, in a small displays. This system needs video shots as the inputs whose motion vectors are extracted by using exhaustive search algorithm. This shot-level motion feature is linked across the consecutive frames of shot to form the motion trajectories. Remove redundant trajectories and preserve one motion trajectory from all the similar motion trajectories. The representative object motion trajectory is stored in a database. Query interface which allows users to search for similar video shots by giving query video clip as input. Similarity matching algorithm is used to retrieve similar video shot from the database by comparing their motion trajectories. In this paper, next, in order to display those retrieved video shots in a small display, shape information of moving objects are extracted using Region- Growing algorithm. The segmented foreground is scaled down and re-integrated with the repaired and directly resized background to deliver effective video shot for small displays.

Keywords: Motion Trajectory, Exhaustive Search algorithm, Douglas - Peucker algorithm, Region Growing algorithm, Content-based video retrieval (CBVR).

Character recognition is major research area since its inspiration. So, far very limited progress has been made in it, specifically for Indian languages. Recognition of Gujarati script is a less studied area and no significant attempt is made so far to recognize Gujarati glyphs. In this paper we have presented a simple yet robust solution for recognition of offline multi-font computer generated and machine printed Gujarati Numerals. Pursued by the pre-processing techniques, we used a method called correlation based template matching where a numeral is identified by analyzing its shape and comparing its features that distinguish each numeral. The system appears to be very robust against font variations and large shape variations.

Keywords: Template, Correlation, Segmentation, Normalization, Probability, etc.

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a product development process that encompasses a sheer amount of data gathered from customers through several market research techniques like personal interview, focus groups, surveys, video conferencing etc. This massive, unsorted and unstructured data is required to be transformed into a limited number of structured information to represent the actual 'Customer Needs'. However the process is tedious and time consuming and cannot be dealt with manually. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a futuristic software framework based on an Affinity Process. The paper begins with the topic introduction and outlines the QFD process. The paper then describes the Affinity Process, builds the data structure and then makes an attempt to build the proposed framework using tools Visual Basic (VB) and MS-Access. The proposed framework is developed as a part of QFD software and it is anticipated that when completely developed, it would act as a vital component of QFD software.

Keywords: QFD, Affinity Process, Visual Basic, MS-Access, Software, Customer Needs.

Biological data integration is considered to be one the most important and challenging tasks in bioinformatics. The scientific achievements greatly depend on the integrated view of largely diverse set of data. Biological data reside in hundreds of database and there is no single database providing an integrated view of data. It greatly invokes the need of data integration. Though they are different approaches for data integration like data warehouse, federation, webservices; each has its own pros and cons and challenges of implementation. In this research paper, we have proposed a framework using virtual database to integrate different biological data sources.

Keywords: Data Integration, Data Warehouse, Data Federation, Webservice, virtual database

The paper investigates the nature and pattern of Volatility of National Stock Exchange (NSE)'s price index namely S & P CNX Nifty. The data include daily observations for NSE price index covering period from 1st January, 2000 to 10th September, 2007. Various volatility estimators and diagnostics tests suggest certain stylized facts about volatility like volatility clustering, mean reverting and asymmetry. Lagrange Multiplier test indicates the presence of ARCH effect in the stock market. The paper applies family of ARCH models to examine the asymmetric volatility of the NSE. We find that first order GARCH model fits the data better than high order ARCH models. Our analysis suggests that the EGARCH and TARCH models outperform the conventional symmetrical GARCH models. The estimated TARCH and EGARCH parameters show that the impact of news is asymmetric, indicating there is an existence of leverage effect in future price of the stock. The Leverage effect is captured well by TARCH models in Nifty. Application of ARCH-M models found no strong evidence for high return during the period of high volatility.

Keywords: Volatility, Volatility clustering, ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TARCH, ARCH-M, JEL Classification: C22, C52

Intrusion detection system is one of the widely used tools for defense in Computer Networks. In literature, plenty of research is published on Intrusion Detection Systems. In this paper we present a survey of Intrusion Detection Systems. We survey the existing types, techniques and approaches of Intrusion Detection Systems in the literature. Finally we propose a new architecture for Intrusion Detection System and outline the present research challenges and issues in Intrusion Detection System.

Keywords: Intrusion Detection, Neural Network, Fuzzy logic, Artificial Intelligence, Honeypot, Data mining.

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a simple, very flexible text format, originally designed to meet the challenges of large-scale electronic publishing. XML is also playing an increasingly important role in the exchange of a wide variety of data on the Web and elsewhere[1]. XML's design goals emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability over the Internet[2]. Although XML's design focuses on documents, it is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures through the use of Schema. XML provides a widely adopted standard for representing text and data in a format that can be processed without much human or machine intelligence. Information formatted in XML can be exchanged across platforms, languages, and applications, and can be used with a wide range of development tools and utilities. Looking at the huge list of applications and advantages of using XML over proprietary relational databases for platform-neutral data representation, here is an attempt to study and evaluate the XML Schema representation of Microsoft Access 2003 and its ability to transfer all the properties of the table.

Keywords: XML, Schema, XML converter, Microsoft Access 2003.

This paper presents a WLAN model optimization rules and simulated results for ELearning Environment like universities and other academic institutions. WLAN design with mathematical approach for coverage and access point placement estimation is discussed in the paper. WLAN throughput and workstation load estimation is calculated considering E-learning environment where voice and video data transmission is major role player.

Keywords: WLAN, HTTP, FTP,802.11 b/g/n ,Streaming services

deployed in thousands of computer networks worldwide. The basic difference between detection and prevention technique lies in how it provides protection for network environments. An IDS monitors logged data and compares it with attack signatures to detect unwanted access. For such identification, IDS normally uses signatures or any unique characteristics of such attacks.

In this paper, we have designed an algorithm to achieve dynamic access control. Dynamic access control requires implementation of three functionalities: traffic monitoring, validation and policy enforcement. In this algorithm, traffic monitoring and validation is done using anomaly based detection during access. For policy enforcement and preventing attacks, we have chosen VLAN Steering method. The reason for choosing VLAN steering is that it can be used with both out-of-band approach as well as in-band approach also. We need to implement both approaches to achieve access control dynamically. It helps to prevent insider as well as outsider attacks to a network. To prove the concept of blocking a malicious host after it is successfully admitted in a network, we present an example and a working algorithm for anomaly based detection. This algorithm uses IDS logged data from database for traffic monitoring and validation. It also updates signatures stored in signature database. An IPS sensor helps perform VLAN Steering in our system for quarantining suspicious hosts.

Water is considered as one of the most precious resources to be managed in order to maintain the ecological balance of earth. Irrigation consumes a major portion of water demand and hence due attention is needed for improving irrigation techniques and estimating actual demand of water for irrigation. The present paper describes several moisture measurement techniques, their limitations, proposes and justifies a solution of using wireless sensor networks in working out the exact water demand in controlled irrigation. It also highlights the major constraints of WSN for the proposed solution.

Keywords: Irrigation, soil moisture measurement, wireless sensor networks.

Visakhapatnam port is one of the leading major port of India has been playing a vital role in fostering the country's foreign trade, economic development and national development. In this paper an attempt has been made to focus on exports and import facilities, tariff rates, problems, present EXIM policy, major exports and imports. The above variables are tested by applying chi-square test in relation to year of establishment, operational area and type of firms. The results showed that 90 per cent of the respondents need additional warehousing and storage facilities at VPT. A little more than fifty per cent of the respondents need improvement in export and import facilities. All the respondents are facing different types of problems at VPT. To overcome their problems port authorities should take necessary steps. It is interesting to note that none of the respondents revealed about poor performance of the Andhra Pradesh government regarding export and import policies. The major exports are iron ore, engineering items, liquid cargo etc. The imports are edible oil, crude oil, chemicals, fertilizers etc. Nearly 50 per cent of the respondent's revealed that the exports are more helpful for the country.

IDSs play a principal role in pro-actively detecting intrusions into enterprise-level computer networks, therefore the accuracy with which it performs this vital function is of paramount importance. Many studies have previously been conducted to improve upon proper classification of detections using neural networks and machine learning algorithms. We try to compare the performance of various intelligent computation techniques like Bayesian networks, Naive Bayesian, Logistic regression, RBF networks, Multi-Layer perception, SVMs with the SMO model, Kth nearest neighbour and Random forest in detecting DoS attack patterns. The data that was used to train and validate these techniques was obtained from the MIT Lincoln lab study into IDSs. The results obtained provide a clear comparison of the individual intelligent computation techniques ability in identifying and classifying attack patterns.

Keywords: Networks, intrusion detection, denial of service, datasets, data mining, Bayesian networks, Naive Bayesian, Logistic regression, RBF networks, Multi-layer perception, Support vector machines, Sequential minimal optimization, Kth nearest

EAI is really a backlash to traditional distributed computing. Now that generations of developers have built these automation islands of information and business processing, more users and business managers are demanding seamless bridges between them. While the business case is clear and easy to define, the task of implementing a solution is not. There is a change in the landscape from building stand-alone applications to building integrated applications that can take advantage of data and business processes from legacy systems. This paper will try to provide the background necessary to understand Enterprise Application Integration and the challenges customers face in moving towards an integrated solution.

An empirical assessment of the Impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) in a host country's external sectors performance is important, since external sector have been for a long time viewed as an engine of economic growth. FDI promotes export and import by facilitating India access to new and larger markets. The present study examines and analyzes the impact of FDI on the Indian external sector between 1970-71 and 2008-09. Ordinary least square (OLS) regressions and the empirical analysis are conducted by using annual data on FDI inflow, Total Export, Total Import and Foreign Exchange Reserve in India over the 1970-71 to 2008-09 periods. There is sufficient evidence to show that there are significant relationship between Indian External sector and foreign direct investment inflows (FDI) in India. FDI has direct positive impact on Export, Import and Foreign Exchange Reserve, which FDI rate increase by 1% will lead to increase by 4.1% in total export with no autocorrelation, while 45% in total import and 61% in foreign exchange reserve with presence of autcorrelation. It is also observed that the impact of FDI on opportunities for domestic business and economic activities is positive and net attitudes of foreign firms toward FDI.

Key Words: FDI inflows; Export; Import, Foreign Exchange Reserve, Regression Analysis